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Russian ship of the line Poltava (1712)
''Poltava'' ((ロシア語:Полтава)) was a 54-gun ship of the line of the Russian Navy that was launched on 15 June〔All dates are in the New Style〕 1712 from Saint Petersburg. The ship was named after an important for Russia victory over the Swedish Empire in the Battle of Poltava〔Dubensky, p. 6〕〔Bykhovskii, p. 27〕 and became the first battleship laid down and built at the St. Petersburg Admiralty.〔〔〔Matveeva, p. 43〕 In the 1710s, the ship was sometimes visited and commanded by Peter I, who also took active part in the design and construction of the ship. During her service of 1712–1732, ''Poltava'' was part of the Baltic Fleet, and before the end of Great Northern War participated in six marine campaigns (1713–1717 and 1721). She was later used for training Kronstadt crews in the Baltic Sea. ''Poltava'' was decommissioned in 1732.
== Background ==
In 1702–1703, Russian troops captured the Swedish fortresses of Noteborg and Nyenskans on the Neva river that provided Russia an outlet to the Baltic Sea. A series of measures were taken in the spring and autumn of 1703 to protect the conquered territories, such as raising the fortresses of St. Petersburg (on Zayachy Island at the mouth of the Neva), and Kronstadt (on the island of Kotlin). Construction of ships of the newly created Baltic Fleet started only in August 1708 – January 1709〔Dan, p. 155〕 with four 50-gun ships of the line named ''Riga'', ''Vyborg'', ''Pernov'' and one untitled. These ships were not full-fledged battleships because they had a small draft and flat bottom that reduced their sailing capabilities.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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